Drug Abuse in the Global Village

Drug Abuse in Western Europe

                                                         References and Notes

AUSTRIA
            National data collection is carried out by the Federal Chancellery, Department of Public Health in accordance with the Narcotic Drugs Act. The Department collects data of all drug abusers reported by the district administrative authorities (local health administrations), hospitals (for hospitals, however, the obligation to notify does not apply to drug addicts who seek voluntary treatment in public or private hospitals) and the federal police authorities, courts and public prosecutors on charges and findings related to offences under the Narcotics Drugs Act (Austria 1991).

** The Legal, Administrative and Other Action Taken to Implement the International Drug Control Treaties section was prepared by the Secretariat of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs based on Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years .... (not available by January 15th 1994).

U.N. 1990. Reply to UNDCP Annual Reports Questionnaire for the year 1990.

Austria 1991.  National Report of Austria to the First Pan European Ministerial Conference on Co-operation on Illicit Drug Abuse Problems. Oslo 9-10 May 1991

Jahresbericht 1991. Jahresbericht 1991 uber die Suchtgiftkriminalitat in Osterreich. Wien 1991.

European Centre 1993. European Centre for the Epidemiological monitoring of AIDS, AIDS Surveillance in Europe, Quarterly Report No. 38, 30 June 1993

WHO 1991. AIDS among drug abusers in Europe, review of recent developments, WHO, 1991.

WHO 1992. European Summary on Drug Abuse. First Report (1985-1990). H. Klingemann, et. al., WHO 1992.

BELGIUM
** The Legal, Administrative and Other Action Taken to Implement the International Drug Control Treaties section was prepared by the Secretariat of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs based on Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years 1988-91.

U.N. 1989,1990,1991,1992. Replies to the UNDCP Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years 1989, 1990, 1991 and 1992.

Belgium 1991. National Report of Belgium to the First Pan-European Ministerial Conference on co-operation in Illicit Drug Abuse Problems, Oslo 9-10 May 1991.

FRANCE
** The Legal, Administrative and Other Action Taken to Implement the International Drug Control Treaties section was prepared by the Secretariat of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs based on Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years .... (not available by January 15th 1994).

Statistiques 1990. Usage et traffic de drogues en France. Statistiques 1990. Ministטre de l'Intיrieur.

Trautmann, C. 1989. Mission interministerielle de lutte contre la toxicomanie. Rapport au Premier Ministre. C. Trautmann 1989.

CMO 1990. Reply to UNDCP questionnaire concerning the seven targets of the Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Outline of Future Activities in Drug Abuse Control (CMO), 1990.

U.N. 1990. Reply to UNDCP Annual Reports Questionnaire for the year 1990.

France 1991. National Report of France to the First Pan-European Ministerial Conference on Illicit Drug Abuse Problems, Oslo, 9-10 May 1991.

WHO 1991. AIDS among drug abusers in Europe.

GERMANY
** The Legal, Administrative and Other Action Taken to Implement the International Drug Control Treaties section was prepared by the Secretariat of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs based on Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years .... (not available by January 15th 1994).

U.N. 1988,1989,1991. Responses to UNDCP Annual Reports Questionnaires of the FRG and Former GDR for the years 1988, 1989 and 1991.

CMO 1990. Reply to UNDCP questionnaire concerning the first seven targets of the Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Outline of future Activities in Drug Abuse Control (CMO), 1990.

National Programme on Drug Abuse Control, 1990. Measures for drug abuse control and help for addicts and persons at risk. Federal Ministry for Health and Federal Ministry of the Interior.

Germany 1992. Statement of the German delegation to the 35th Session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs, 1992.

Bundeskriminalamt 1992. The situation on the drugs market from January 1 to June 30 1992. Federal republic of Germany, Bundeskriminalamt, Anti Drugs Division.

WHO 1991. AIDS among drug abusers in Europe, Review of recent developments, WHO.

Germany 1991. National Report of Germany to the First Pan-European Ministerial Conference on Co-Operation on illicit drug abuse problems. Oslo, 9-10 May 1991.

LUXEMBOURG
** The Legal, Administrative and Other Action Taken to Implement the International Drug Control Treaties section was prepared by the Secretariat of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs based on Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years 1989, 1991.

U.N. 1989,1990,1991,1992. Replies to UNDCP Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years 1989, 1990, 1991 and 1992.

Luxembourg 1991. National Report of Luxembourg to the First Pan-European Conference on the co-operation in Drug abuse Problems, Oslo, 9-10 May 1991.

European Centre 1993. European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS, AIDS Surveillance in Europe, Quarterly report No. 38, 30 June 1993.

NETHERLANDS
** The Legal, Administrative and Other Action Taken to Implement the International Drug Control Treaties section was prepared by the Secretariat of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs based on Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years .... (not available by January 15th 1994).

Bureau Driessen 1991. Assessment of municipalities and recent research on all methadone programmes in the Netherlands.

Municipal Services 1990. Capture/recapture data based on data systems of Municipal Health Service, Municipal Police, local studies.

Ministry of Welfare et al. 1991. The drug abuse situation in the Netherlands. Ministry of Welfare, Health and Cultural Affairs and Ministry of Justice. September 1991 version.

Plomp, H.N. et al. 1991. Smoking, Alcohol consumption and the use of drugs by school children from age 10. Fourth National youth health survey on smoking alcohol consumption and use of drugs in the Netherlands. H. N. Plomp, H. Kuipers, M.L. van Oers 1991.

National Criminal Intelligence Service for 1988 to 1990; for 1991, Country report of the Netherlands to the Meeting of Heads of National Narcotics Bureaus, Lyon, May 1992.

WHO 1985-1990. First European Summary of Drug Abuse (ESDA) 1986-1989/90, WHO.

SAN MARINO
** The Legal, Administrative and Other Action Taken to Implement the International Drug Control Treaties section was prepared by the Secretariat of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs based on Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years .... (not available by January 15th 1994).

U.N. 1990,1991,1992. Replies to the UNDCP Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years 1990, 1991 and 1992.

AIDS Surveillance in Europe, 1993. AIDS surveillance in Europe Quarterly Report Number 38, 30 June 1993.

SWITZERLAND
** The Legal, Administrative and Other Action Taken to Implement the International Drug Control Treaties section was prepared by the Secretariat of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs based on Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years .... (not available by January 15th 1994).

Police 1990,1991,1992. Statistique Suisse des Stupיfiants, 1990, 1991 and 1992, Ministטre Public de la Confederation, Bureau Central Suisse de la Police.

Office fיdיral de la santי publique, 1990. Le problטme de la drogue - en particulier en Suisse - considיrי sous son aspect social et prיventif. Rapport יtabli א la demande de l'Office fיdיral de la santי publique. Lausanne, aot 1990.

U.N. 1989,1990. Replies to the UNDCP Annual Reports Questionnaires for the years 1989 and 1990.

CMO 1990. Reply to the questionnaire concerning the seven targets of the comprehensive Multidisciplinary Outline of Future Activities in Drug Abuse Control (CMO), 1990.

Switzerland 1991. National Report of Switzerland to the First Pan-European Ministerial Conference on Illicit Drug Abuse Problems, Oslo, 9-10 May 1991.

AIDS Surveillance in Europe, 1993. Quarterly Report Number 38, June 30 1993.

WHO 1992. ESDA, First European Summary on drug abuse, WHO 1992.